What do you mean by public Deb explain the various method of the redemption of public Deb

Public debt refers to the total amount of money that a government owes to creditors. This debt is typically issued through the sale of government bonds, treasury bills, or other securities. The government uses public debt as a way to finance its operations, such as funding infrastructure projects, social programs, or paying off existing debts. There are several methods of redeeming public debt, which involve paying off the principal amount of the debt plus any accrued interest. One common method is through the use of budget surpluses, where the government generates more revenue than it spends and uses the excess funds to pay down the debt. Another method is through the sale of government assets, such as land or buildings, to raise funds for debt repayment. Additionally, governments can also refinance their debt by issuing new bonds at lower interest rates to replace existing higher-interest debt. One example of a country successfully redeeming its public debt is the United States. In the 1990s, the U.S. government implemented a series of budget surpluses under President Bill Clinton, which helped reduce the country’s public debt from over 70% of GDP to around 55% by the end of the decade. Another method of redeeming public debt is through economic growth. When a country’s economy grows, tax revenues increase, making it easier for the government to pay off its debt. For example, Germany was able to significantly reduce its public debt after World War II by focusing on rebuilding its economy and achieving rapid economic growth. One verifiable fact is that as of August 2021, the total public debt of the United States stands at over $28 trillion, representing around 128% of the country’s GDP. This high level of debt has raised concerns about the sustainability of the U.S. government’s finances and has led to calls for various methods of debt redemption to be implemented.